United States Army. The land-combat and land-operations branch of the United States armed forces. • This branch includes supporting air- and water-transport services such as the Army Air Corps. The Army includes the Regular Army (the standing force), the Army Reserve, and the Army National Guard when in active federal service, as in time of […]
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United States Military Academy. An institution of higher learning in the U.S. Department of the Army responsible for educating and training officers for service in the U.S. Army. • The academy is located on the Hudson River in West Point, New York. — Abbr. USMA. — Often termed West Point.
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Uniform Code of Military Justice 〈美〉《统一军事司法法典》 1950年实施的一部综合性的联邦法典，它确立了适用于所有美国军队〔Armed Forces of the United States〕的军事刑法的统一体系。该法典主要以《战时军事条例》〔Army’s Articles of War〕为基础，规定了基本的军事司法的实体及程序框架。为了保障每一个触犯军事刑法的被告人的权利，使其在整个刑事诉讼过程中享受平等及公正的待遇，法典设立了严格的军事审判程序。依指控罪行的轻重，将分别由简易的、特别的或普通的军事法庭进行审判。此外，法典还设立了一个在国防部管理下的由普通公民组成的军事上诉法庭，由其对军事裁决〔military decisions〕进行司法审查。
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Espionage Act. A federal law that criminalizes and punishes espionage, spying, and related crimes.18 USCA §§ 793 et seq. • Two Espionage Acts were passed. The 1917 act criminalized false statements intended to interfere with the war effort; to willfully cause or attempt to cause dissension in the armed forces; or to willfully obstruct national
executive agency. An executive-branch department whose activities are subject to statute and whose contracts are subject to judicial review. • One example is the Army and Air Force Exchange Service. [Cases: Administrative Law and Procedure 301–513; United States 30. C.J.S. Public Administrative Law and Procedure §§ 49–171; United States§ 49.]